In this module, we will discuss the approach to a patient presenting with scrotal pain. Critical questions to ask in history, including location of pain and patient demographics, and the clinical significance of specific signs on physical examination, such as necrosis of the scrotum and location/”lie” of the testes, will be discussed. An overview of investigations that should be performed, such as urinalysis, will also be provided. Lastly, you will learn about diagnoses not to miss and how to evaluate and manage these as well as less urgent causes of scrotal pain, such as epididymitis and chronic scrotal pain.