In this module, we will provide a comprehensive overview of breast lumps, outlining the prevalence and morbidity and mortality. Since this is a common clinical presentation, the SOAP assessment and stepwise clinical approach is important to arrive at a diagnosis. An understanding of the different types of breast lumps is also important and will direct management strategies. The patient’s history provides clues and understanding the underlying pathology is important to interpreting these clues. A thorough breast examination will help narrow the differential as different lumps have different clinical characteristics. Further investigative strategies are based on the history and physical exam, these include mammography, ultrasound and biopsy. Screening programs have led to the detection and management of cancerous lesions at early stages, this is done by a multidisciplinary team in a triple assessment clinic.